Buoyancy Analysis & Concrete Weights Spacing The buoyancy of a pipeline depends upon the weight of the pipe, the weight of the volume of water displaced by the pipe, the weight of the liquid load carried by the pipe and the weight of the backfill. As a conservative analytical practice,…
Buoyancy Analysis & Concrete Coating Requirements The buoyancy of a pipeline depends upon the weight of the pipe, the weight of the volume of water displaced by the pipe, the weight of the liquid load carried by the pipe and the weight of the backfill. As a conservative analytical practice,…
Flume Design – Rational Method ESTIMATING ROUGHNESS COEFFICIENTS This section describes a method for estimating the roughness coefficient n for use in hydraulic computations associated with natural streams, floodways, and excavated channels. The procedures apply to the estimation of n in Manning’s formula. The coefficient of roughness n quantifies retardation…
Unstrained Pipeline Stress Analysis Unrestrained pipes are unburied or spans where the pipe is bedded or supported beam. These could be designed or mother nature exposing the pipe due to flooding or other natural causes. Allowable expansion stresses sustained and occasional loads that are greater than 80% stress. Thermal expansion…
Restrained pipes are typically buried with proper bedding. However, when settlement or subsidence occurs the longitudinal and combined stresses may be replaced with a strain limit of 2% in ASME B31.4 Yielding that does not impair the serviceability of the pipe. Local stresses caused by periodic or repetitive load resulting…
Wall Thickness – Steel Pipe Wall thickness for steel pipe is calculated using an algebraic altered version of Barlow’s Equation. The wall thickness for steel pipe is determined in accordance with the following formula: P = Design pressure(psi) gage. S = yield strength(psi) determined in accordance with 192.107. D = Nominal outside diameter…
Design Pressure – Steel Pipe Design pressure for steel pipe is calculated using Barlow’s Equation. The design pressure for steel pipe is determined in accordance with the following formula: P = Design pressure in pounds per square inch (kPa) gage. S = yield strength in pounds per square inch (kPa) determined in…
Design of Uncased Pipeline Crossings GPTC GUIDE, APPENDIX G92-15, DESIGN OF UNCASED PIPELINE CROSSING This method is proven and acceptable and can be used in the cases when the crossing conditions for design are out of the scope and the limitations of API RP 1102 and PCPISCES. 𝑆𝑇 − Total Calculated…
Track Load Analysis Introduction The Track Load Program was designed to calculate the overburden and track loads on buried pipe with a Single Layer System (soil only). The information used to design this program was taken from the Newmark’s Integration of the Boussinesq Equation which considered the theoretical work done…
Wheel Load Analysis Introduction Wheel Load Analysis was designed to calculate the overburden and vehicle loads on buried pipe with a Single Layer System (soil only) or a Double Layer Systems (timbers, pavement and soil). The information used to design this program was taken from the Battelle Petroleum Technology Report…